Linux下MySQL-5.6的源码安装 - MySQL教程

1）首先，你需要到MySQL官网下载源码tar包，点击MySQL Community Server，选择Source Code，源码包不大，只有 34M左右。

注：以下操作没有特殊说明，都是以root账户执行。

2）先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后源码安装都得通过cmake编译）

# yum install cmake

并确保以下两个包已安装最新版：

ncurses

ncurses-devel
3）添加MySQL用户组和用户

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -g mysql mysql

4）创建MySQL软件安装目录和数据存放目录

mkdir -p /opt/mysql   #MySQL安装目录  
chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql  
mkdir -p /data/mysql  #MySQL数据存放目录  
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data #存放数据  
mkdir -p /data/mysql/log  #存放日志  
mkdir -p /data/mysql/tmp  #存放临时文件  
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

5）cmake编译安装MySQL

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz  
cd mysql-5.6.13  
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql -

DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1  
make  
make install

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql        //指定安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql            //指定数据存放目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql                  //指定配置文件目录 （本例的配置文件为/opt/mysql/my.cnf）
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                   //指定字符集
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci      //指定校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all                     //安装所有扩展 字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                 //允许从本地导入数据

上述步骤执行成功后，MySQL软件已成功安装至/opt/mysql目录下。

7）编辑配置文件my.cnf

[client]  
socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock  
      
[innotop]  
socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock  
      
[mysql]  
prompt = u@d r:m:s>  
no-auto-rehash  
      
[mysqld_safe]  
pid-file = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid  
      
[mysqld]  
      
#### Baes dir ####  
basedir = /opt/mysql  
datadir = /data/mysql/data  
tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp  
socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock  
      
#### Base configure info ####  
port = 3306  
skip-name-resolve  
old_passwords = 0  
lower_case_table_names = 1  
open_files_limit = 65535  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 5M  
max_allowed_packet = 24M  
max_connect_errors = 50000  
max_connections = 1000  
max_user_connections = 950   
thread_cache_size=64  
table_open_cache=1024  
thread_stack=262144  
wait_timeout=864000  
      
#### Log info ####  
log-error = /data/mysql/log/alert.log  
slow_query_log=1  
slow_query_log_file= /data/mysql/log/slow.log  
log-slow-admin-statements  
long_query_time = 0.1  
slow_launch_time=1  
      
#### Binary log && Relay log ####  
binlog_format='MIXED'  
log-bin = /data/mysql/log/mysql-bin  
log-slave-updates = 1  
relay-log = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin  
relay-log-index = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin.index  
master-info-file = /data/mysql/log/master.info  
relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/log/relay-log.info  
max_binlog_size = 500M  
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G  
      
      
#### query cache ####  
query_cache_size = 100M  
query_cache_limit = 1K  
query_cache_min_res_unit = 1K  
query_cache_type=2  
      
#myisam  
concurrent_insert = 2  
key_buffer_size = 100M  
sort_buffer_size = 100K  
join_buffer_size = 100K  
read_buffer_size = 1M  
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 100M  
      
#innodb plugin  
      
#innodb  
default-storage-engine = INNODB  
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT  
innodb_file_per_table = 1  
innodb_open_files=60000  
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2  
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100  
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M  
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16G  
innodb_log_buffer_size= 400M  
innodb_log_file_size = 100M  
innodb_log_files_in_group = 4  
innodb_file_io_threads = 4  
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16  
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50  
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED  
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10G;ibdata2:5G:autoextend  
      
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=4  
innodb_thread_concurrency=32  
       
### Server id ####  
 log_bin_trust_function_creators=1  
 read_only=0  
 server_id=5

8）创建数据库

/opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db   --user=mysql

上述建库语句将根据my.cnf里设置的数据文件目录和日志文件目录，生成相应的数据文件和日志文件，并创建系统数 据库（如mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema)

9）启动MySQL

/opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

启动成功后，就可以以root用户登录（默认的root用户没有密码）

/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u root

10）设置root密码，创建只读账号

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql/bin   
mysqladmin -u root password '***'  
mysql -uroot -p  
root@(none) 06:08:34>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***' WITH GRANT OPTION;  
root@(none) 06:08:44>GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'rnd'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***';

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